The implementation of Law No. 81.12 on the protection of the Moroccan coastline faces significant obstacles, particularly under the pressure of powerful lobbies. Despite costly studies commissioned by Leila Benali, Minister of Energy Transition and Sustainable Development, the legislation struggles to be enforced.
Adopted in 2015 during the era of Hakima El Haite, this law aims to prohibit illegal occupation of the maritime domain, the privatization of beaches, and the abusive extraction of sand. However, according to *Al Akhbar*, the minister has failed to finalize the implementing texts, leaving the coastline exposed to chaotic exploitation.
Leila Benali has allocated several million dirhams to international consulting firms to develop regional coastal plans and overhaul the national sustainable development strategy. Yet, despite these investments, the regulation remains unfinished and ineffective in the face of resistance from influential economic actors.
The Economic, Social and Environmental Council (CESE) had already warned against delays in the implementation of this law. In a report titled “What planning for sustainable coastal development?”, it denounced structural gaps and dysfunctions in coastal governance, advocating for a more participatory and environmentally respectful approach.
The law strictly prohibits the privatization of beaches, sand extraction, and the granting of temporary permits that would deteriorate the site. It also mandates the demolition of illegal constructions and prohibits chaotic urbanization of the coastline. Offenders face penalties of up to two years in prison and fines of up to 500,000 dirhams.
However, a report from the Court of Auditors reveals that these rules are largely ignored. Recipients of temporary occupation permits do not comply with the specifications, and many chalets converted into luxury villas or businesses evade any regulation.
In light of this situation, the Ministry of Equipment struggles to enforce the law, leaving the public maritime domain prey to illegal privatization and gradual degradation.